Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): Microbiota

The microbiota refers to the communities of microorganisms that live on and within the human body, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea. In healthcare, the study of microbiota, called microbiome research, has become an active field with the aim to understand the relationship between the human body and its microbial inhabitants.

Gut Microbiota: The gut microbiome has been the subject of much research in recent years, as it has been linked to a wide range of health conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and even certain types of cancer. Manipulation of gut microbiome, for example, through probiotics or fecal transplant can have therapeutic effects in certain conditions.

Immune System: The microbiome also plays a role in the development and functioning of the immune system, which can affect susceptibility to infections and autoimmune diseases.

Metabolism: The gut microbiome has also been linked to metabolism, with research suggesting that changes in the gut microbiome can contribute to metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.

Mental Health: Studies are showing that gut microbiome might also have an effect on mental health, it has been linked with conditions such as depression, anxiety, and autism.

Antibiotic resistance: Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antimicrobial resistance, which is becoming a serious public health concern. However, some studies suggests that manipulating gut microbiome through prebiotics or probiotics might be a promising strategy to combat antibiotic resistance

Overall, the study of the human microbiome is providing new insights into the complex relationship between the human body and its microbial inhabitants, which in turn is opening up new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of health conditions.