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Effectiveness of Telehealth versus In-Person Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review
In their systematic review, researchers compared the effectiveness of telehealth with in-person care during the pandemic by analyzing studies from PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials between March 2020 and April 2023. They focused on English-language, U.S.-healthcare relevant studies conducted post-pandemic onset. Seventy-seven studies were identified, with 61% judged to have a serious or high risk of bias. Findings indicated small and non-clinically significant differences in healthcare utilization and clinical outcomes between telehealth and in-person care, varying by outcome and clinical area. Two independent reviewers screened results, extracted data, and assessed bias and evidence strength.
Medigy Insights
For process outcomes, telehealth initial visits showed lower rates of missed appointments and therapy/medication changes, with higher therapy/medication adherence compared to in-person care. However, telehealth initial visits also had lower rates of up-to-date labs/paraclinical assessment. Most studies lacked standardized outcome assessment methods. While refraining from an overall conclusion, findings suggest telehealth is comparable to in-person care across various outcomes. As the healthcare system transitions post-COVID-19, integrating telehealth with traditional care models becomes crucial, emphasizing the need for ongoing telehealth evaluations.
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